Hmm. I looked up Petteia on Google. Certainly there are some interesting similarities--the black and white stones, capturing stones by surrounding them. But there are a lot of differences too. Go starts with an empty board; people place stones on the board one at a time. The goal is to surround as many points as you can with your stones (called "territory"); capturing stones is done by surrounding an enemy group on all sides and that adds to your territory. So a few similarities, but they play very differently.

Still though, the similarities are interesting. And according to this website, the Japanese game Hasami Shogi has a lot more similarities than Go does. It's probably not unreasonable to guess that one was the result of the other (or they influenced each other), despite being on opposite sides of the world.